BASHKIR
SUMMARY
In Bashkir, the converbs in -(V)p (the vowel is subject to vowel harmony) and -j head non-finite syntactically subordinate clauses and the subject of both generally corefers with the subject of the superordinate clause, i.e. they are same-subject converbs (SS-converbs). Part-whole, kinship and other possessive relations between the subject of the converbial clause and the subject of the superordinate clause also license SS-converbs. Possession must be overtly coded on the possessed subject.
See also Altai, Forest Enets, Karaim, Khalkha Mongolian, Khanty (Eastern), Khanty (Northern), Kirghiz, Old Turkic, Shor, Tundra Enets, Tundra Nenets, Turkish, Tuvan (Altai), Tuvan (Jungar), Tuvan (Todža), Udmurt, Uyghur, Uzbek, Yukaghir (Kolyma), Yukaghir (Tundra).
LANGUAGE PROFILE
EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT OF PIPS
- Prominent possessors appear to occupy the same syntactic position as other possessors within the NP.
- Prominent possessors have adnominal genitive case-marking, indicating dependency within the noun phrase.
- Constituency tests indicate that clause-level adverbs cannot separate the possessor from the possessive noun phrase.
- Possession is also marked directly on the possessed noun, which indexes the person and number of the possessor.
KEY SOURCES
Say, Sergey. 2019. Prominent internal possessors in Bashkir, in András Bárány, Oliver Bond, & Irina Nikolaeva (eds), Prominent internal possessors, 196-227. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
